study habits

A cluttered student desk with an open book, scattered index cards and a half-drunk mug of coffee, photographed from above in dim evening light.

What Working Memory Research Actually Predicts for Students

The Baddeley model, the failure of brain-training transfer, and what working memory research really implies for how a student should arrange their…

• 6 min read
A student's laptop on a wooden library desk with a chemistry textbook open beside it and a handwritten notebook in the foreground.

Prompting Patterns That Help Students Learn vs. Ones That Substitute

Socratic chains, explain-first-ask-second, worked-example critique: prompt patterns that force retrieval instead of outsourcing a student's thinking.

• 5 min read
An open biochemistry notebook on a wooden desk with a pen resting across handwritten pathway diagrams, warm afternoon light coming through a nearby window.

Judgments of Learning: Why You Are a Poor Judge of What You Know

Rereading feels like mastery because fluency fools the brain, and students who trust that feeling consistently underestimate what they have not learned

• 5 min read